Il trovatore (pronounced [il trovaˈtoːre]; Italian for "The Troubadour") is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto largely written by Salvadore Cammarano, based on the play El trovador (1836) by Antonio García Gutiérrez. It was Gutiérrez's most successful play, one which Verdi scholar Julian Budden describes as "a high flown, sprawling melodrama flamboyantly defiant of the Aristotelian unities, packed with all manner of fantastic and bizarre incident."
| Original Name | Il trovatore |
| Librettist | Salvadore Cammarano (Based on "El trovador" (1836) by Antonio García Gutiérrez) |
| Date of composition | 1851 (2 January 1851 - 14 december 1852) |
| Premiered | 1853, January 19th in Rome, Metropolitan City of Rome, Italy |
| Type | Opera |
| Approx. duration | 130 minutes |
| Spoken language | Italian |
| Instruments |
Orchestra
Voice (Baritone) - Il conte di Luna, giovane gentiluomo aragonese (Count di Luna, a nobleman in the service of the Prince of Aragon) Voice (Soprano) - Leonora, dama di compagnia della Principessa d'Aragona (noble lady, in love with Manrico and courted by Di Luna) Voice (Mezzo-Soprano) - Azucena, zingara della Biscaglia (a gypsy, supposedly Manrico's mother) Voice (Tenor) - Manrico, ufficiale del principe Urgel e presunto figlio di Azucena (a troubadour and officer in the army of the Prince of Urgel) Voice (Bass) - Ferrando, capitano degli armati del conte di Luna (Luna's officer) Voice (Soprano) - Ines, confidente di Leonora (Leonora's confidante) Voice (Tenor) - Ruiz, soldato al seguito di Manrico (Manrico's henchman) Voice (Bass) - Un vecchio zingaro (An old gypsy) Voice (Tenor) - Un messo (A messenger) Chorus/Choir - Compagne di Leonora e religiose, familiari del conte, uomini d'arme, zingari e zingare (Leonora's friends, nuns, the Count's lackeys, warriors, Gypsies) |
| Arrangements |
●
Franz Liszt: Miserere du Trovatore (Paraphrase de concert), S. 433
|
| In listings |
●
Famous Works
|
| Autotranslations beta |
Giuseppe Verdi: The Troubadour Giuseppe Verdi: The Troubadour Giuseppe Verdi: The Troubadour |